:root {
    --bg-white: #ffffff;
    --text-black: #000000;
    --text-gray: #888888;
    --max-width: 1200px;
    --header-height: 60px; /* Narrower vertical space */
}

* {
    box-sizing: border-box;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

body, html {
    height: 100%;
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    color: var(--text-black);
    font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

/* HEADER: FULL WIDTH LINE, 80% TEXT CONTENT */
.navbar {
    width: 100%;
    height: var(--header-height);
    border-bottom: 1px solid #000000;
    background: #fff;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
}

.nav-content {
    width: 80%; /* Text spans 80% */
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

.logo {
    font-size: 22px;
    font-weight: 100;
    color: #000;
    letter-spacing: -0.5px; /* Tightened horizontal spacing */
    font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}

.nav-links {
    display: flex;
    list-style: none;
    gap: 25px;
}

.nav-links a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #000;
    font-size: 15px; /* 30% smaller than previous 17px */
    letter-spacing: -0.3px;
    font-weight: 400;
    text-transform: none;
}

.nav-links a.active {
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-underline-offset: 4px;
}

/* VERTICAL CENTERING */
.centering-wrapper {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    min-height: calc(100vh - var(--header-height));
}

.container {
    width: 80%; /* Matches header text width */
    max-width: var(--max-width);
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.hero-section {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 60px;
}

.image-column {
    flex: 0 0 50%;
}

.profile-img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
}

.content-column {
    flex: 1;
}

h1 {
    font-size: 64px;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    letter-spacing: -1.5px;
    line-height: 1.1;
}

.bio p {
    font-size: 17px;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    margin-right: 15px;
    line-height: 1.3; /* Compressed line spacing (0.5 of previous 2.2 range) */
    color: #000;
}

.bio a {
    color: var(--text-black);
    text-decoration: underline;
    
    /* 1. Use a high-contrast Hex code */
    text-decoration-color: #aed3ff; /* Pure blue, or use #2b6ca3 for a professional blue */
    
    /* 2. Increase thickness so the color is visible */
    text-decoration-thickness: 2px; 
    
    /* 3. Ensure the line doesn't skip over descending letters (like g, j, p, q, y) */
    /* This makes the line a solid, unbroken blue stroke */
    text-decoration-skip-ink: none; 

    /* 4. Pull it away from the text slightly to make it pop */
    text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.email-bottom {
    margin-top: 20px;
    color: var(--text-gray);
    font-size: 16px;
}

/* MOBILE RESPONSIVE REFINEMENTS */
@media (max-width: 950px) {
    .logo {
    font-size: 19px;
    font-weight: 100;
    color: #000;
    letter-spacing: -0.5px; /* Tightened horizontal spacing */
    font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}

    /* Header adjustments */
    .nav-content {
        width: 88%; /* Give more edge-to-edge room for the nav on mobile */
    }
    
    .nav-links {
        gap: 10.5px; /* Reduce spacing between tabs so they don't look spread out */
    }

    .nav-links a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #000;
    font-size: 14px; /* 30% smaller than previous 17px */
    letter-spacing: -0.2px;
    font-weight: 300;
    text-transform: none;
}

    /* Vertical centering adjustment */
    .centering-wrapper {
        justify-content: flex-start; /* Don't force center on mobile to allow for scrolling */
        padding-top: 30px; /* Space between header line and the image */
        min-height: auto;
    }

    .container {
        width: 86%; /* Reduce right margin/centering the content block */
    }
    
    .hero-section {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 20px; /* Gap between image and "Grace Wang" text */
    }

    /* Image Scaling */
    .image-column {
        width: 70%; /* Makes image smaller on phone (was 100%) */
        margin: 0 auto; /* Keeps image centered */
    }

    /* Text Proportion Adjustments */
    h1 {
        font-size: 22px; /* 50% smaller than desktop 64px */
        text-align: left;
        margin-bottom: 10px;
        letter-spacing: 0.0px;
    }

    .bio p {
        font-size: 14.5px; /* 10% smaller than desktop 17px */
        margin-right: 0; /* Fixes the "right margin too big" issue */
        text-align: left;
        line-height: 1.1;
    }

    .email-bottom {
        font-size: 14.2px;
        margin-top: 15px;
    }
}

/* --- RESEARCH PAGE SPECIFIC STYLES --- */

.research-wrapper {
    justify-content: flex-start;
    padding-top: 60px;
    padding-bottom: 100px;
}

.research-container {
    width: 50%;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.research-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 16px;
}

.paper {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 2px;
}

.paper p {
    font-size: 15px;
    line-height: 1.35;
    color: #000;
    margin: 0;
}

.authors {
    color: #888 !important;
}

.paper a {
    color: var(--text-black);
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-decoration-color: #aed3ff;
    text-decoration-thickness: 2px;
    text-decoration-skip-ink: none;
    text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

@media (max-width: 950px) {
    .research-container {
        width: 100%;
        padding: 0 7%;
    }

    .research-wrapper {
        padding-top: 30px;
    }

    .research-list {
        gap: 10px;
    }

    .paper p {
        font-size: 13.5px;
        line-height: 1.2;
    }

    .paper {
        gap: 1px;
    }

    .paper a {
        color: var(--text-black) !important;
        text-decoration: underline !important;
        text-decoration-color: #aed3ff !important;
        text-decoration-thickness: 2px !important;
        text-decoration-skip-ink: none !important;
        text-underline-offset: 3px !important;
    }
}

/* --- ART PAGE SPECIFIC STYLES --- */

.art-page {
    width: 70% !important; /* Matches homepage content width */
    max-width: var(--max-width);
    margin: 0 auto; /* Centers the 80% container */
    text-align: left;
    padding-bottom: 100px;
}

/* 1. Full-Width Hero */
.art-hero {
    width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 60px;
}

.art-hero img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
}

/* 2. Artist Statement Header (Title + Circle) */
.statement-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: flex-start; /* Keeps things from drifting right */
    align-items: center;
    gap: 60px; /* Gap between title and circle */
    margin-bottom: 80px;
}

.statement-title {
    flex: 0 0 20vw; /* Keeps title column consistent with paragraphs */
}

.statement-title h2 {
    font-size: 32px;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.1;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.statement-title .subtitle {
    color: var(--text-gray);
    font-size: 16px;
}

.statement-circle-img img {
    width: 180px;
    height: 180px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

/* 3. Text Blocks & Width Constraints */
.statement-text{
    width: 25vw; /* The exact constraint you requested */
    margin-bottom: 40px;
    text-align: left;
}

.project-text {
    width: 20vw; /* The exact constraint you requested */
    margin-bottom: 40px;
    text-align: left;
}

.statement-text p, .project-text p, .arrow-paragraph p {
    font-size: 17px;
    line-height: 1.25;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    letter-spacing: -0.1px;
}

/* 4. Question Row & Project Row Layouts */
.question-row, .project-row {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 60px; /* Consistent horizontal gap across the page */
    margin-top: 40px;
}

.arrow-paragraph {
    flex: 0 0 20vw; /* Matches the vertical line of paragraphs above */
}

.question-quote-container{
    flex: 1; /* Occupies the remaining space of the 80vw container */
    max-width: 30vw;
}

.question-quote-container blockquote {
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.3;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}


/* --- IMPROVED PROJECT GALLERY GRID --- */

.project-gallery {
    flex: 1; /* Takes up the space to the right of your 20vw text */
}

.gallery-grid {
    display: flex;
    gap: 7.5px; /* The gutter between the 70% and 30% columns */
    align-items: stretch; /* Forces both columns to have the same total height */
}
/* Main image takes 70% */
.gallery-main {
    flex: 0 0 80%; 
}

.gallery-main img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
}

.gallery-side {
    flex: 0 0 calc(20% - 7.5px); /* Adjusts for the gap */
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 5px; /* Space between the two stacked images */
}

.gallery-side img {
    width: 100%;
    /* This forces each side image to take exactly half the height of the column */
    height: calc(50% - 7.5px); 
    object-fit: cover; /* Prevents stretching if the photos have different ratios */
    display: block;
}

.gallery-grid img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
}

.caption {
    font-size: 13px;
    color: var(--text-gray);
    font-style: italic;
    text-align: left;
}

/* --- MOBILE ART ADJUSTMENTS --- */
@media (max-width: 950px) {
    .art-page {
        width: 86% !important;
    }

    .statement-header, .question-row, .project-row {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
        gap: 25px;
    }

    .statement-text, .project-text, .arrow-paragraph, .statement-title {
        width: 100%;
        flex: none;
    }

    .statement-circle-img img {
        width: 150px;
        height: 150px;
    }
}

/* --- STACKED IMAGE SECTION --- */

.image-stack-row {
    width: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 60px; /* Vertical space between the two images */
    margin-top: 80px;
    margin-bottom: 100px;
}

/* Container for the 80% width image */
.img-wrapper-80 {
    width: 80%;
    /* Left-aligned by default, but you can use margin: 0 auto; to center it within the container */
    margin-right: auto; 
}

/* Container for the 100% width image */
.img-wrapper-100 {
    width: 100%;
}

.image-stack-row img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
}

/* Mobile Adjustments */
@media (max-width: 950px) {
    .img-wrapper-80 {
        width: 100%; /* Scale up to full width on mobile for better visibility */
    }
    .image-stack-row {
        gap: 30px;
        margin-top: 40px;
    }
}